Cervical cancer is one of the oncological diseases that can be effectively prevented in the vast majority of cases. Nevertheless, it affects thousands of women every year, and dozens of them die from this disease. The key to protecting your health is prevention, regular screening, and early diagnosis.
What is cervical cancer and why does it develop?
Cervical cancer most often develops as a result of long-term infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Some types of HPV are high-risk and can cause cellular changes that, without treatment, gradually develop into cancer.
HPV infection is very common – most sexually active women and men will encounter it during their lifetime. In most cases, however, the immune system is able to eliminate it. The risk arises when the infection persists for a long time and is not detected in time.
The importance of prevention and regular check-ups
Gynecological screening plays a key role in prevention, as it allows precancerous changes to be detected while they are still fully treatable.
The main preventive measures include:
- regular gynecological examinations
- cytological examination (cervical smear)
- HPV testing
- HPV vaccination
Thanks to these methods, cervical cancer can be prevented or detected at an early stage with a very good prognosis.
HPV vaccination
HPV vaccination is considered the most effective primary prevention. It is recommended especially for girls and boys before they become sexually active, but it can also be beneficial for adult women.
Vaccination:
- significantly reduces the risk of cervical cancer
- also protects against other HPV-associated diseases
- does not replace screening, but complements it
Prevention as part of fertility care and future parenthood
Cervical health has a direct impact not only on a woman's overall health, but also on her fertility and ability to become pregnant in the future. Early prevention and gentle treatment of precancerous changes help minimize interventions that could affect reproductive health.
What every woman can do
Prevention of cervical cancer begins with awareness and a responsible approach to health:
- go for regular gynecological checkups
- be interested in HPV testing options
- consider HPV vaccination
- do not underestimate warning signs and doctor's recommendations